PUBLICATION ETHICS & RESEARCH INTEGRITY

PUBLICATION ETHICS AND RESEARCH INTEGRITY

Revue Internationale de Droit et des Affaires

Published by Hassan First University – Settat, Kingdom of Morocco

through the Laboratory for Research in Business Law,

Faculty of Legal and Political Sciences

Revue Internationale de Droit et des Affaires is committed to high standards of publication ethics, research integrity, academic honesty, confidentiality, transparency, fairness, and responsible scholarly conduct.

The Journal seeks to follow recognised international good practices in scholarly publishing, including relevant guidance developed by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. RESPONSIBILITIES OF AUTHORS

Authors must ensure that:

• submitted work is original;

• all sources are properly acknowledged;

• manuscripts are not simultaneously submitted to another journal;

• references and citations are genuine and accurate;

• evidence and data are not fabricated or falsified;

• authorship accurately reflects intellectual contribution;

• relevant conflicts of interest are disclosed;

• relevant research funding is disclosed;

• applicable research-ethics requirements are respected.

2. PLAGIARISM AND ORIGINALITY

The Journal uses Turnitin and iThenticate to assist in originality assessment.

Potential academic misconduct includes:

• direct plagiarism;

• inappropriate paraphrasing;

• plagiarism of ideas;

• unattributed translation;

• inappropriate self-plagiarism;

• duplicate publication;

• fabricated references;

• citation manipulation;

• fabrication;

• falsification.

Similarity reports are evaluated academically and contextually.

A numerical similarity percentage alone does not establish whether plagiarism has occurred.

3. RESPONSE TO SUSPECTED PLAGIARISM

Depending on the nature and seriousness of the concern, the Journal may:

• request clarification;

• request correction or revision;

• reject a manuscript;

• conduct further investigation;

• correct published material;

• issue an Expression of Concern;

• retract a published article.

4. AUTHORSHIP AND CONTRIBUTORSHIP

Authorship must reflect substantial intellectual contribution.

The Journal prohibits:

• honorary authorship;

• guest authorship;

• ghost authorship;

• purchased authorship.

All listed authors should approve the submitted manuscript and accept responsibility for their contribution.

Requests for changes in authorship must be appropriately justified.

5. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Authors, reviewers, editors, and Editorial Board members must disclose relevant conflicts of interest.

These may include financial, professional, academic, institutional, personal, collaborative, or competitive interests.

A significant conflict may require reassignment of editorial responsibility or selection of another reviewer.

6. RESEARCH INTEGRITY

The Journal does not tolerate:

• fabrication of data or evidence;

• falsification;

• misleading manipulation;

• invented judicial decisions;

• fabricated legislation or references;

• fraudulent data;

• deliberate distortion of research findings.

Authors are responsible for the accuracy and authenticity of evidence, legal sources, references, data, and factual claims contained in their work.

7. RESEARCH DATA

Where empirical research is involved, authors should retain relevant research data where lawful and practicable.

The Journal may request clarification or supporting information where legitimate concerns arise concerning reliability or integrity.

Confidential, legally protected, personal, proprietary, or ethically restricted data need not be publicly disclosed where disclosure would be unlawful or inappropriate.

8. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Artificial intelligence systems cannot qualify as authors.

Authors remain fully responsible for AI-assisted content.

Generative AI must not be used to fabricate:

• references;

• legislation;

• judicial decisions;

• quotations;

• evidence;

• data;

• research findings.

Material use of generative AI should be disclosed where appropriate.

9. REVIEWER RESPONSIBILITIES

Reviewers must:

• preserve confidentiality;

• remain impartial;

• disclose conflicts of interest;

• provide constructive scholarly assessments;

• report significant integrity concerns confidentially;

• refrain from using unpublished manuscript information for personal advantage.

10. EDITORIAL RESPONSIBILITIES

Editors must protect:

• fairness;

• confidentiality;

• editorial independence;

• research integrity;

• impartiality of scholarly decisions.

Editorial decisions must be based on scholarly considerations and not on irrelevant personal or financial factors.

11. DUPLICATE PUBLICATION

Authors must not submit or publish substantially identical scholarly work simultaneously in multiple journals without appropriate disclosure and justification.

12. PEER-REVIEW MANIPULATION

Fraudulent reviewer identities, reviewer impersonation, manipulation of reviewer recommendations, or other attempts to compromise the independence of peer review are prohibited.

13. POST-PUBLICATION INTEGRITY

Credible concerns concerning published articles may be investigated regardless of when they arise.

Depending on the evidence and seriousness of the matter, the Journal may issue:

• a correction;

• an editorial notice;

• an Expression of Concern;

• a retraction.

The primary objective of post-publication action is to protect the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record.